Evolution Of Technology Gerhard Lenski, Leslie White - 550 Words

Evolution Of Technology: Gerhard Lenski, Leslie White (Essay Sample) Content: EVOLUTION OF TECHNOLOGYNAME OF STUDENTNAME OF SCHOOLSUBMITTED TODATEEvolution of technologyIntroductionDifferent authors view evolution of technology in varying perspectives which result and impact to certain aspect. Although the views vary from one another, there has existed some common features, components and occurrences in technology that appear similar. In most of the theories developed to explain technological evolution, there exist human intervention to satisfy particular needs. Innovation is the rate limiting step, but when innovations do occur they are accompanied by causal understandings of how the innovation works, and why it is better than previously used alternatives. The innovation spreads rapidly because the causal understanding spreads with it.  Boyd et al (2013). This article compares three theories of evolution: Gerhard Lenski, Leslie White, and Alvin Toffler.Gerhard LenskiHe views technology as a critical aspect in the evolution of social and cu ltural society among individuals. Technology in this aspect is defined to as information about how to use the material resources of a given society or culture to meet human needs and satisfy human desires.  The higher the level of information within a society, the more likely the society will become advanced. Information is thus a crucial factor in the transition from one technological level of development to the other. According to Lenski, societal survival has been largely a function of a societys level of technological advance relative to the societies with which it has been in competition. Leslie WhiteLeslie view technology as a component of culture in addition to ideology and sociology all of which are continuously changing thus leading to a general evolution of culture. According to Leslie, culture evolves as the amount of energy harnessed per capita per year increases or as theefficiency of the means of putting this energy to work is increased.  He sees technology as an aspect that changes due to man attempts of solving problems so as to enhance survival.Alvin TofflerToffler refers to revolutionary changes in the society and economy in a concept he refers to as waves.  According to Toffler, human has already passed through the first two stages (waves) and is in the process of entering into the third which is believed to be the knowledge phase. According to Haller (2011), the way from the first to the current (third) wave was long and difficult, marked by deep changes in all domains as well as at a mental level.  Physical and mental modification of human brains have contributed to the current transition of the economy and society.ConclusionThe theories treats technology as the main factor that contribute to evolution of society. The need to continually meet the ...

Analysis Of The Movie Sioux Falls - 1135 Words

When asked, most people could probably say what the scariest moment of their life was. Maybe it was the time they went skydiving, or maybe it was when they were almost hit by a car, but mine is when I had to drive in Sioux Falls for the first time. That seems silly, right? Driving isn’t scary. Maybe driving in itself isn’t scary, but driving in Sioux Falls definitely is. Sioux Falls is a ginormous city. The city is always bustling with cars and people trying to get to work, or an appointment, or who knows where else. I’d never thought of Sioux Falls as a scary place, until I started driving, and when I did, it was the scariest place I could imagine. I dreaded the thought of driving in Sioux Falls immensely, and the idea was like a nightmare. Sadly, my worst nightmare eventually came true. In the summer of 2013, my mother decided that I should take Drivers Ed. I was apprehensive at first because I hadn’t had much experience driving and I wasn’t quite comfortable with it yet. Nonetheless, I went to the classes and all was fine, until we had to drive in Sioux Falls. By that point, I had some experience driving and I was even fairly decent at it. However, I had never driven in Sioux Falls and I was anxious of hitting another car, turning when I wasn’t supposed to, or any number of situations that could go horribly wrong. That day, I dreaded going to Drivers Ed because I was absolutely terrified of driving in Sioux Falls. My mom dropped me off at the school, which was where I metShow MoreRelated Dances With Wolves Analysis Essays2123 Words   |  9 PagesWith Wolves Analysis The movie Dances With Wolves was produced in 1990 and directed by Kevin Costner who starred as the main character. Dances with Wolves tells us the story of a white man who gets acquainted with the Sioux, who learns to love and respect them as valuable people with a culture and who discovers how wrong white peoples preconceived ideas about Native Americans are. A sense of adventure and drama is the feeling Dances with Wolves gives us. With this movie, CostnerRead MoreAirheads Business Analysis Essay34215 Words   |  137 PagesStrategic Analysis Project Airheads Trampoline Arena 26th July 2012 Table of contents Executive Summary 7 EXTERNAL ANALYSIS Introduction 9 Family Entertainment Center Industry 9 Market Size 9 Sales Growth 10 Stages of Industry Life Cycle 11 Trend 12 Key Competitors 12 Pest Analysis 13 Exhibit 1: Factors of the PEST Analysis 14 Political and Legal Factors 14 Economic Factors 16

Self Preservation Is Not The Bee s Knees Essay - 2100 Words

Self-Preservation is Not the Bee’s Knees: A Refutation to Part III of Spinoza’s Ethics Benedict de Spinoza takes an unique stance in his Ethics, claiming all things exist only to prolong their own existence and preserve their essence. Yet there are plenty of examples in nature alone that seem to counter his claims where creatures strive for an action that will lead to their deaths, as seen in the case of various species of spiders and bees. However, Spinoza’s claim that things strive to preserve their essence fails to fulfill his goal in explaining how and why nature works the way it does, as seen in the case with self-sacrificial spiders as well as the behavioral and biological aspects of male bees (drones). Thus, I argue that although Spinoza tries to move away from a teleological account of the world to a more mechanistic one by introducing his idea of self-preservation, his idea is lacking and is unable to actually explain anything in depth, and we therefore must look to Aristotle’s account of final causes to actually understand the behavior of aforem entioned creatures. In order to develop my argument I will begin by discussing Spinoza’s stance on the self-preservation of essence and why his account fails to actually provide an in-depth explanation about how nature works, and then I will look at the behavior of male redback spiders as well as the self-destructive biology of male bees which will help demonstrate why Aristotle’s teleological account of nature is stillShow MoreRelatedIgbo Dictionary129408 Words   |  518 Pagesspeech (occasionally this is carried over into English so that quarter /’kwÉ”:tÉ™/ is pronounced [’xwÉ”ta])9. 4. Alphabetization and arrangement The alphabetical order is as follows: a b ch d e f g gb gh gw h i á »â€¹ j k kp kw l m n nw ny Å‹ o á »  p r s sh t u á » ¥ w y z high tone (unmarked), step tone ( ¯), low tone (`). It will be observed that the order here is strictly alphabetical, in that dotted letters follow their undotted counterparts (e.g. á »â€¹ follows i) and double letters (digraphs) follow single

Emerging Economies in Globalising World

Question: Discuss about the Emerging Economies in Globalising World. Answer: China in the Global Economy The economic transition of China has created long-run implications, not only for the emerging economies but also for the leading economies as well. The International Monetary Fund (IMF) has already rated China as the leading economic superpower of the globe surpassing the United States of America (Stiglitz, 2015). By the investigation of major economic indicators such as Gross Domestic Product (GDP), unemployment rate, and consumer purchasing parity, the economic position of China will be a lot clearer. Over the previous 30 years or so, the Chinese economy has shown significant growth and development to become the leading economic superpower in the world (Schweinberger, 2014). The primary agenda of the article is to identify whether China is in the position to lead the world while the nation has become the economic superpower. In the debate motion, it can be stated that China has lacked the power to lead the global industry. Since the global recession of 2008, the Chinese economy has come a long way as in 2015-16 the GDP of the country has been recorded as US$11007.72 billion. The reports of World Bank can be shown to prove the continuous rise in GDP. In 2017, the expected growth target of China is stated to be 6.5 to 7 percent due to debt buildup and rising risks in financial sectors. According to the data released by the National Bureau of Statistics of China, during the fourth quarter of 2016, the economy has expanded at a rate of 6.8 percent beating the previous data of 6.7 percent (Stats.gov.cn, 2017). Undoubtedly, the cut down in growth rate has been a negative indicator for the economy. In the recent consequences, the economy of China may seem to have lacked the force to rule the global market. However, in reality, the monetary, as well as credit policy of China, can create massive monetary outflows, to say the least (Kamrany Jiang, 2015). Fundamentally, the aggressive monetary policy of the Chinese Central Bank will trigger the major drivers of capital outflows in future. The most negative point in Chinas economy is the debt to GDP. According to the data resources, in 2016-16, Chinas borrowing has hit US$25.6 trillion that is almost equal to 250 percent of entire GDP (The Guardian, 2016). Meanwhile, such massive debt to GDP can be fatal for Chinas economy in the future. Currently, the government of China is in no position to reduce the huge borrowing numbers including household, corporate, and government borrowings. Precisely, the debt-fuelled expenditure can lead to the devastating outcome as far as the economic downturn is concerned. In this particular scenario, though China has been named as the economic superpower of the globe ahead of the US, the economy is in no position to lead the global industry in the upcoming decade or so. The fundamentals of the economy have not guaranteed long-run economic growth as debt pressure will ease up the substantial growth of the economy. Moreover, the current reserves of monetary outflows of the Chinese economy have remained significantly tight under the current circumstances (Wolf, 2016). Based on the economic research, China cannot be the leader of global industry although it may be the economic superpower. India in the Global Economy India is considered as one of the growing superpower of the globe by several economist of the world. According to Diamond (2005), India and China will compete with the United States for the global economic supremacy by the end of 2020. The potential for becoming a superpower is attributed by several economic indicators such as the demographic trend and the fast growing GDP of the nation. According to the report of International Monetary Fund (IMF), India has emerged to be the fastest growing nation of the world with a GDP growth rate of 7.3 percent (Pandey, 2015). Meanwhile, it is important for the country to overcome its social, political and economic problems to lead the global economy. Furthermore, the economic growth of India is also not yet influential in the current scenario over the international platform when compared to the former Soviet Union and United States. Hence, the fact of Indias aspirations to lead the globe are just wishful thinking is quite debatable. There are several factors that support the statement Indias aspirations to lead the globe are just wishful thinking to be false, while there are some factors as well that make the statement true. The factors in favour of India to become a global leader are presented herein below: Future advantage of location: The location of India is favourable for expansion of trade in the future. It is located in the north of the Indian Ocean that connects it with the entire world through sea route. Furthermore, the natural resources available in the country make it a valuable economic power in the globe (Dhanappa Jeur, 2014). Political Factors: India is one of the largest democratic republics of the world and has good trade relations with several major economies. It is one of the emerging markets for the foreign companies (Padma, 2015). Economic Factors: The booming economic growth of the nation is one of the supporting factors for India to become a superpower. It is expected by the IMF that the GDP of the nation will double by the end of 2030. The development of science and technology along with that expansion of the Indian organisations in the foreign market makes the debating statement false (Padma, 2015). Demographic Factors: It is the second largest populated country of the world with skilled workers and increasing literacy level. On the other hand, around 65 percent of the population is below 35 years of age. Military Factors: The Indian Armed Forces consists of two primary branches that are known as the Indian Paramilitary Forces and the Military of India. The Indian Paramilitary Forces is the second largest force in the world, while the Indian Military Forces is the third largest after the United States and China (Dhanappa Jeur, 2014). On the other hand, the factors that are against the Indian economy to become a global leader are presented herein below: Political obstacles: The diverse democracy of the country levies a high amount of tax over the economy. The Government of India has to consult several interest groups before taking any decision (Padma, 2015). Social Issues: India has 29 states with a diverse population belonging to different religion and caste. The caste system and religious barriers divides the country into small groups that makes the economy lag behind. Economic Obstacles: Some of the economic obstacles are the high rate of poverty, unemployment and inflation that pulls back the nation to become a global leader in the future. On the other hand, the infrastructure of the nation and disorganization acts as an obstacle for the economic growth of the country (Dhanappa Jeur, 2014). By considering the above factors, it can be seen that there are several positive factors by which it can be said that Indias aspirations to lead the globe is not just a wishful thinking. But, there are several negative factors that prove that Indias aspiration to lead the globe are just wishful thinking. Hence, it is quite difficult to predict the future possibilities due to the uncertainties that may come in the upcoming years. Therefore, I will both agree and disagree with the debate motion. References China's debt is 250% of GDP and 'could be fatal', says government expert. (2016).the Guardian. Retrieved March 2017, from https://www.theguardian.com/business/2016/jun/16/chinas-debt-is-250-of-gdp-and-could-be-fatal-says-government-expert Dhanappa Jeur, D. (2014). BRICS: Opportunity to India to Be a Superpower.IOSR Journal Of Humanities And Social Science,19(9), 57-60. Diamond, J. (2005).USATODAY.com - Prediction: India, China will be economic giants.Usatoday30.usatoday.com. Retrieved March 2017, from https://usatoday30.usatoday.com/news/world/2005-01-13-long-view-usat_x.htm Kamrany, N. Jiang, F. (2015).China's Rise to Global Economic Superpower.The Huffington Post. Retrieved March 2017, from https://www.huffingtonpost.com/nake-m-kamrany/chinas-rise-to-global-eco_b_6544924.html National Bureau of Statistics of China. (2017).Stats.gov.cn. Retrieved March 2017, from https://www.stats.gov.cn/english/ Padma, T. (2015). India: The fight to become a science superpower.Nature,521(7551), 144-147. Pandey, V. (2015).IMF expects India to retain world's fastest growing economy tag.The Economic Times. Retrieved March 2017, from https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/economy/indicators/imf-expects-india-to-retain-worlds-fastest-growing-economy-tag/articleshow/49245651.cms?from=mdr Schweinberger, A. (2014). State Capitalism, Entrepreneurship, and Networks: China's Rise to a Superpower.Journal Of Economic Issues,48(1), 169-180. Stiglitz, J. (2015).China Has Overtaken the U.S. as the Worlds Largest Economy.The Hive. Retrieved March 2017, from https://www.vanityfair.com/news/2015/01/china-worlds-largest-economy Wolf, M. (2016).Chinas future challenge for the world economy.Ft.com. Retrieved March 2017, from https://www.ft.com/content/9bae5ce0-f1db-11e5-aff5-19b4e253664a

Mathematics Invented or Discovered Essay Example

Mathematics: Invented or Discovered Essay When Newton saw an apple drop from an apple tree he had an epiphany.That epiphany was the concept of gravity.Even though no one before Newton had ever thought of gravity, it had always existed and had always made apples drop from trees.Newton discovered and put a name to the concept of an object being pulled towards the earth; he did not invent gravity.Just as gravity wasnt invented, math wasnt invented.It was discovered. Math describes nature and the events in nature.Rabbits reproduce exponentially, energy is equal to mass multiplied by the speed of light squared, density equals mass divided by volume, etc.Math has been present long before man ever invented thefirst mathematical symbol.As long as there is nature and natural events, there is math. Man has always had a sense of math.This sense of math was his ability to distinguish quantities.For example, a Neanderthal knew that the more deer he killed, the better.He had a sense of math in that he had a sense of the amount (or quant ity) of those deer. That Neanderthal could not realize that killing thirty deer would provide him with more food than killing twenty deer (at least in terms of numerical value).What he would realize is that more deer provide him with more food.Although the Neanderthal did not have the knowledge of numbers, he still had a basic understanding of math when he established that more deer would be better than less deer. Math illustrates the relationship between matter in the universe.Before math was discovered, it existed as relationships in nature.Now that we analyze math and invent symbols and numbers to express it more efficiently, it is still the same math that the Neanderthal experienced, just in a different form.

How does Shakespeare portray ambiguity in the play Romeo and Juliet Essay Example

How does Shakespeare portray ambiguity in the play Romeo and Juliet Essay Example How does Shakespeare portray ambiguity in the play Romeo and Juliet Paper How does Shakespeare portray ambiguity in the play Romeo and Juliet Paper Essay Topic: Metamorphoses The exploration of ambiguity in the play ‘Romeo and Juliet’ encapsulates Shakespeare’s message of how there is no ‘right’ or ‘wrong,’ ‘good’ or ‘evil’. This theme is sparked from the contextual circumstance of the play, set in Renaissance England, a time of great change and cultural ambiguity, bringing about the protestant reformation and the emergence of ‘the new man’ and new outlooks on love and romance. Shakespeare adopts descriptive techniques and distinctive wordplay, integrating literary devices and imagery to portray ambiguity subliminally throughout the play. The concept of ambiguity is portrayed by his use of oxymoron, for instance â€Å"Oh brawling love, oh loving hate† depicts ambiguity through the binary of love and hate and how elements of both can be found in one another, thus highlighting Shakespeare’s message of how the entire concept of the play is ambiguous. An oxymoron is by definition ambiguous, and is often adopted to conceptualise ambiguous meanings and ideas. Similarly, Shakespeare uses paradox, for instance, when Juliet questions, â€Å"was ever a book containing such vile matter so fairly bound? to depict Juliet’s complexity as a character, and her conflicting emotions when trying to battle with the idea that the love of her life is a murderer. In addition Shakespeare conveys ambiguity by categorising imagery into two extremes, light and dark. This imagery continually recurs throughout the play, and is often adopted by Romeo, for instance when he first sees Juliet he declares, â€Å"O, she doth teach the torches burn bright† and Juliet is continually referred to as a light in the darkness and Juliet concurrently expresses how â€Å"Romeo’s body† be â€Å"cut out in little stars. Shakespeare uses this to accentuate the contrast of love and hate, an ambiguous disparity Shakespeare uses to encapsulate the meaning of the play. Furthermore, Shakespeare’s use of distinctive language and character repartee is used for contrast and to craft oxymoron and paradox to illustrate ambiguity, for instance; â€Å"A damned saint, an honourable villain! The poignant contrast between the words, â€Å"damned† and â€Å"honourable† each adjectives used to inverse the distinct characterisations of â€Å"villain† and â€Å"saint† in the form of an oxymoron. Ambiguity is also explored through the characters themselves. For instance, Friar Lawrence is portrayed to have a vested interest in the happiness of both Romeo and Juliet and appears as an advocate of their forbidden romance and even helps to marry the two in secret, later providing Juliet with a substance that will give her the power to fake her death to avoid her marriage to Paris. However it appears he has an ulterior motive fuelled by his peace loving disposition. This is portrayed when he states that â€Å"this alliance may so happy prove to turn your households’ rancour to pure love,† thus expressing the somewhat ambiguous nature of his character. Furthermore, his unorthodox behaviour may have in fact caused the deaths of the two lovers and thus Shakespeare portrays ambiguity in this instance by portraying the layers of the Friar’s character, how a peace loving man of God, whom Shakespeare initially appears to use as a plot device, gradually metamorphoses to someone who will, by any means necessary, attempt to achieve his goal, no matter how innocent his motives. Similarly, Lord Capulet’s character also appears to acquire a similar ambiguous nature. He initially appears as a loving father with seemingly chivalrous qualities, asking Paris to â€Å"let two more summers wither in their pride, ere we may think her ripe to be a bride,† allowing his daughter time to mature before she weds Paris. Similarly, when Tybalt expresses his anger and concern when Romeo enters Juliet’s party, he responds dismissively and appears to see no point to the feud, portraying a sensible, understanding side to his character. However, Capulet soon loses this title and becomes a more aggressive character, forcing Juliet to marry Paris and when she refuses he exclaims, â€Å"Out you baggage, you tallow face,† expressing a more belligerent side to his character. And thus again, Shakespeare portrays ambiguity through Capulet’s somewhat twofold character, each a polar end of two extremes, aggression and compassion. In addition, Mercutio’s character also resembles a somewhat ambiguous nature. His name itself is derived from the word ‘mercurial’ which means unstable or volatile, which in itself encapsulates his ambiguity. He initially appears very self assured and confident with an aptitude for bawdy humour. He appears to sustain a dismissive, derogatory outlook on love, expressing that â€Å"if love be rough with you, be rough with love. † He also appears as a loyal friend to Romeo, and advocate of the Montagues. However, it appears Mercutio’s alleged confidence is merely a facade fuelled by his insecure, volatile undertones. This is portrayed during his dying moments when he exclaims, â€Å"a curse of both your houses! † portraying his volatility and insecurity as opposed to his initial confident, secure demeanour and thus conveys his character’s ambiguous fibre. Ambiguity is also distinguished through the themes integrated into the play and the plot itself. Shakespeare expresses how the conflicting themes included in the play, for instance ‘Love and Hate’ are merely adopted by Shakespeare to portray how there is no ‘one or the other,’ there is always a mixture of both. He uses the characters’ emotions and actions to portray these themes as inversed extremes battling against one another to realise the ultimate conclusion mentioned previously. Similarly the plot in itself, a fickle feud fuelled by the insecurity of each other’s prevalence that ultimately resulted in the deaths of each of their own.

Presentation of a Research Article Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Presentation of a Research Article - Essay Example that nurses and doctors believed that their main purpose was to raise the issue of obesity, but that the responsibility for treating it is with the parents. Another major point in the article was that the doctors and nurses believed that because of time constraints, a lack of training, and ill-defined roles they were not able to aid children with obesity issues. Still a third major point was that the child and medical professional relationship could be compromised or jeopardized if the issue of obesity was raised, as they recognized the issue of obesity was a sensitive issue. The major point was that these individuals believed they were ill-equipped to deal with the issue as they believed simplifying informing the patient to engage in more diet and exercise would be ineffective. These cumulative perspectives formed the backbone of recognition and understanding within the study findings. There are a number of further concerns. In terms of generalizability the study is a qualitative study and as such is generally considered as only being applicable to the set population group (Creswell 2003, p. 40). Still, Creswell (2003, p. 42) indicates that qualitative study designs may hold the same level of generalizability as external studies. This consideration indicates that this study could potentially be considered as indicate of broader ranging doctor and nurse perspectives on the nature of obesity treatment. In terms of validity, it seems apparent that the study followed the accepted guidelines for qualitative research. However, there is no way to determine if the study precisely recorded the interview respondents answers or conducted the interviews in a valid and unbiased way. Ultimately, it seems that the study holds a great degree of worthiness. In these regards, the study identified a significant and pressing gap in research. Namely, medical professionals perspectives on treating obesity. As there are a variety of shortcomings in this treatment approach, the value